论文标题

首次流程和基于目标的资源积累

First-passage processes and the target-based accumulation of resources

论文作者

Bressloff, Paul C

论文摘要

随机搜索一个或多个界限中的一个或多个目标在自然界中广泛发生,范围从动物觅食到细胞内囊泡的运输。大多数理论研究都采用以搜索者为中心的观点,重点是第一个通过时间(FTP)问题以找到目标。然后,这个单一的搜索和捕捉事件触发下游过程,或为搜索者提供一些资源,例如食物。在本文中,我们采用以目标为中心的观点,考虑到由于多个回合的搜索和捕捉事件与资源退化相结合的搜索和捕捉事件,资源的积累在一个或多个目标中;每当搜索者找到目标时,它都会将资源数据包提供到目标,之后它可以逃脱并返回其初始位置。然后,将搜索者与货物相互补充,并在随机延迟后启动新的搜索过程。以前已经证明了如何使用排队理论来得出所得资源分布的稳态平均值和差异的一般表达。在这里,我们将理论应用于一些经典的FPT问题,这些问题涉及在简单的几何形状中扩散,并具有吸收边界,包括同心球,楔形域和分支网络。在每种情况下,我们都会确定所得的Fano因子如何取决于降解率,延迟分布和各种几何参数。因此,我们确定FANO因子可以显着偏离泊松统计,并表现出对模型参数(包括非单调性和交叉行为)的非平凡依赖性。这表明资源积累的高阶统计数据的非平凡性质。

Random search for one or more targets in a bounded domain occurs widely in nature, with examples ranging from animal foraging to the transport of vesicles within cells. Most theoretical studies take a searcher-centric viewpoint, focusing on the first passage time (FTP) problem to find a target. This single search-and-capture event then triggers a downstream process or provides the searcher with some resource such as food. In this paper we take a target-centric viewpoint, by considering the accumulation of resources in one or more targets due to multiple rounds of search-and-capture events combined with resource degradation; whenever a searcher finds a target it delivers a resource packet to the target, after which it escapes and returns to its initial position. The searcher is then resupplied with cargo and a new search process is initiated after a random delay. It has previously been show how queuing theory can be used to derive general expressions for the steady-state mean and variance of the resulting resource distributions. Here we apply the theory to some classical FPT problems involving diffusion in simple geometries with absorbing boundaries, including concentric spheres, wedge domains, and branching networks. In each case, we determine how the resulting Fano factor depends on the degradation rate, the delay distribution, and various geometric parameters. We thus establish that the Fano factor can deviate significantly from Poisson statistics and exhibits a non-trivial dependence on model parameters, including non-monotonicity and crossover behavior. This indicates the non-trivial nature of the higher-order statistics of resource accumulation.

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