论文标题
波动可以诱导局部列秩序和运动细胞单层的扩大应力
Fluctuations can induce local nematic order and extensile stress in monolayers of motile cells
论文作者
论文摘要
在各种细胞类型中的最新实验表明，二维组织经常显示局部列表，并且拓扑缺陷的动力学表现出巨大应力的证据。使用介镜模型，其中组织流是通过与列表参数相连的波动牵引力来产生的，我们表明所得的组织动力学可以自发产生局部列表和扩大的内部应力。该模型的一个关键要素是假设，在存在局部列表比对的情况下，细胞优先沿列轴爬行，从而导致波动的各向异性。我们的工作表明，活动可能会驱动组织中的巨大或收缩应力，这取决于皮质细胞骨架的收缩力的相对强度和细胞在细胞外基质上的文流。
Recent experiments in various cell types have shown that two-dimensional tissues often display local nematic order, with evidence of extensile stresses manifest in the dynamics of topological defects. Using a mesoscopic model where tissue flow is generated by fluctuating traction forces coupled to the nematic order parameter, we show that the resulting tissue dynamics can spontaneously produce local nematic order and an extensile internal stress. A key element of the model is the assumption that in the presence of local nematic alignment, cells preferentially crawl along the nematic axis, resulting in anisotropy of fluctuations. Our work shows that activity can drive either extensile or contractile stresses in tissue, depending on the relative strength of the contractility of the cortical cytoskeleton and tractions by cells on the extracellular matrix.
