论文标题
超精确的量子传感和测量基于含有超低原子或原子玻色的非原子的非线性杂化光学机械系统
Ultra-precision quantum sensing and measurement based on nonlinear hybrid optomechanical systems containing ultracold atoms or atomic Bose-Einstein condensate
论文作者
论文摘要
在这篇综述中，我们研究了如何将量子微型或纳米机电振荡器（MO）与电磁（EM）辐射压力偶联的量子微或纳米机械振荡器（MO）的混合动力系统（OMS），该辐射压力（由Ultracold原子或原子骨粉凝位（becy tos tos ans Antra）量化的量子非常弱，可以用作Ultra construtiation，以量子的量度非常精确。正如在任何精确的量子测量中众所周知的那样，射击噪声（SN）与测量的背部噪声之间的竞争对测量精度执行了限制，即所谓的标准量子限制（SQL）。如果信号的强度甚至低于SQL，则需要执行超精度量子传感以击败SQL。 For this purpose, we review three important methods for surpassing the SQL in a hybrid OMS: (i) the backaction evading measurement of a quantum nondemolition (QND) variable of the system, (ii) the coherent quantum backaction noise cancellation (CQNC), and (iii) the so-called parametric sensing, the simultaneous signal amplification and added noise suppression below the SQL.此外，我们在本文中首次展示了驱动激光相的经典波动如何影响标准OM中输出光场的功率谱，并引起额外的印象噪声，从而使总系统噪声增加了SQL以上。同样，在这篇综述中，首次表明在标准OMS中，不可能在同时抑制SQL下方的噪声的同时放大信号。
In this review, we study how a hybrid optomechanical system (OMS), in which a quantum micro- or nano-mechanical oscillator (MO) is coupled to the electromagnetic (EM) radiation pressure, consisting of an ensemble of ultracold atoms or an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), can be used as an ultra precision quantum sensor for measuring very weak signals. As is well-known in any precise quantum measurement the competition between the shot noise (SN) and the backaction noise of measurement executes a limitation on the measurement precision which is the so-called standard quantum limit (SQL). In the case where the intensity of the signal is even lower than the SQL, one needs to perform an ultra precision quantum sensing to beat the SQL. For this purpose, we review three important methods for surpassing the SQL in a hybrid OMS: (i) the backaction evading measurement of a quantum nondemolition (QND) variable of the system, (ii) the coherent quantum backaction noise cancellation (CQNC), and (iii) the so-called parametric sensing, the simultaneous signal amplification and added noise suppression below the SQL. Furthermore, we have shown in this article for the first time how the classical fluctuation of the driving laser phase, the so-called laser phase noise (LPN), affects the power spectrum of the output optical field in a standard OMS and induces an additional impression noise which makes the total system noise increase above the SQL. Also, for the first time in this review it has been shown that in the standard OMSs, it is impossible to amplify signal while suppressing the noise below the SQL simultaneously.
