论文标题
1919年的日食结果验证了一般相对论及其后来的批评者：一个故事重新构成
The 1919 eclipse results which verified General Relativity and their later detractors: a story re-told
论文作者
论文摘要
在1919年11月6日在伦敦举行的一次会议的新闻发布会后，爱因斯坦于1919年11月7日成为世界著名的，在那里宣布了由爱丁顿，迪森和戴维森领导的两次英国探险的结果，以衡量有多少背景星光在太阳时弯曲了。获得了三个数据集：两个显示了测得的挠度与爱因斯坦（Einstein）1915年的一般相对论理论的理论预测相匹配，并成为官方结果。第三个被丢弃为有缺陷。当时，实验结果被专业的天文学界接受。但是，在1980年，科学院哲学家和格莱默（Glymour）的一项研究声称，1919年分析中的数据选择是有缺陷的，并且废弃的数据集完全有效，并且与爱因斯坦的预测不一致，因此，总体结果没有验证一般相对论。这一说法以及由此导致的爱丁顿偏见的指控在后来的文学中夸大了，并变得无处不在。 1919年和1980年对相同数据的分析提供了两个不和谐的结论。我们重新分析了1919年的数据，并确定破坏了Earman和Glymour结论的错误。
Einstein became world-famous on 7 November 1919, following press publication of a meeting held in London on 6 November 1919 where the results were announced of two British expeditions led by Eddington, Dyson and Davidson to measure how much background starlight is bent as it passes the Sun. Three data sets were obtained: two showed the measured deflection matched the theoretical prediction of Einstein's 1915 Theory of General Relativity, and became the official result; the third was discarded as defective. At the time, the experimental result was accepted by the expert astronomical community. However, in 1980 a study by philosophers of science Earman and Glymour claimed that the data selection in the 1919 analysis was flawed and that the discarded data set was fully valid and was not consistent with the Einstein prediction, and that, therefore, the overall result did not verify General Relativity. This claim, and the resulting accusation of Eddington's bias, was repeated with exaggeration in later literature, and has become ubiquitous. The 1919 and 1980 analyses of the same data provide two discordant conclusions. We reanalyse the 1919 data, and identify the error that undermines the conclusions of Earman and Glymour.
