论文标题
重型离子碰撞中开放量子系统的量子模拟
Quantum simulation of open quantum systems in heavy-ion collisions
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一个框架，以模拟硬探针的动力学，例如在量子计算机上热，强耦合的夸克 - 格鲁隆等离子体（QGP）中的重型夸克或喷气机的动力学。 QGP中的硬探针可以视为由Lindblad方程在马尔可夫极限下控制的开放量子系统。但是，由于巨大的计算成本，大多数当前在QGP中进化的硬探针的现象学计算都使用量子演化的半经典近似值。量子计算可以降低这些成本，并通过对经典技术的指数加速进行完全量子处理的潜力。我们在IBM Q量子设备上报告了我们的框架的简化演示，并应用随机身份插入方法（RIIM）来考虑CNOT去极化噪声，除了缓解测量误差。我们的工作证明了在当前和近期量子设备上模拟开放量子系统的可行性，这与核物理，量子信息和其他领域的应用广泛相关。
We present a framework to simulate the dynamics of hard probes such as heavy quarks or jets in a hot, strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP) on a quantum computer. Hard probes in the QGP can be treated as open quantum systems governed in the Markovian limit by the Lindblad equation. However, due to large computational costs, most current phenomenological calculations of hard probes evolving in the QGP use semiclassical approximations of the quantum evolution. Quantum computation can mitigate these costs, and offers the potential for a fully quantum treatment with exponential speedup over classical techniques. We report a simplified demonstration of our framework on IBM Q quantum devices, and apply the Random Identity Insertion Method (RIIM) to account for CNOT depolarization noise, in addition to measurement error mitigation. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of simulating open quantum systems on current and near-term quantum devices, which is of broad relevance to applications in nuclear physics, quantum information, and other fields.
