在ISS上学习地球紫外线排放的迷你euso任务

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在ISS上学习地球紫外线排放的迷你euso任务

Mini-EUSO mission to study Earth UV emissions on board the ISS

论文作者

Bacholle, S., Barrillon, P., Battisti, M., Belov, A., Bertaina, M., Bisconti, F., Blaksley, C., Blin-Bondil, S., Cafagna, F., Cambiè, G., Capel, F., Casolino, M., Crisconio, M., Churilo, I., Cotto, G., de la Taille, C., Djakonow, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Fenu, F., Franceschi, A., Fuglesang, C., Gorodetzky, P., Haungs, A., Kajino, F., Kasuga, H., Khrenov, B., Klimov, P., Kochepasov, S., Kuznetsov, V., Marcelli, L., Marszal, W., Mignone, M., Mascetti, G., Miyamoto, H., Murashov, A., Napolitano, T., Olinto, A. V., Ohmori, H., Osteria, G., Panasyuk, M., Porfilio, M., Poroshin, A., Parizot, E., Picozza, P., Piotrowski, L. W., Plebaniak, Z., Prevot, G., Przybylak, M., Reali, E., Ricci, M., Sakaki, N., Shinozaki, K., Szabelski, J., Takizawa, Y., Turriziani, S., Valentini, M. Traiche G., Wada, S., Wiencke, L., Yashin, I., Zuccaro-Marchi, A.

论文摘要

Mini-Euso是一种望远镜，在国际空间站的紫外乐队中观察地球。它是JEM-EUSO计划的一部分，为未来的更大任务（例如Keuso和Poemma）铺平了道路，主要致力于观察太空中超高能宇宙射线。 Mini-euso能够观察由超高能宇宙射线产生的广泛的空气阵雨，其能量以上是10^21 eV，并检测到地面激光产生的人造阵雨。该任务的其他主要科学目标是寻找核者和奇怪的夸克物质，研究大气现象，例如瞬态发光事件，流星和流星，对海洋生物发光和人造卫星的观察以及人造的空间碎片。 Mini-euso将通过俄罗斯ZVEZDA模块中的面向Nadir的UV-Transparent窗口，将夜间地球（290-430 nm）绘制为紫外线范围（290-430 nm），其空间分辨率约为6.3 km，时间分辨率为2.5微秒。该仪器于2019年8月22日从贝科纳尔宇宙界发射，它是基于一个使用两个菲涅耳透镜和一个由36个多动型光电塑料管组成的光学系统，每个频率是64个通道，总共具有2304个频道，具有单光子计数敏感性和44元视图的整体敏感性。 Mini-Euso还包含两个辅助摄像机，以补充近红外和可见范围的测量。在本文中，我们描述了检测器，并介绍了在操作的头几个月中观察到的各种现象。

Mini-EUSO is a telescope observing the Earth in the ultraviolet band from the International Space Station. It is a part of the JEM-EUSO program, paving the way to future larger missions, such as KEUSO and POEMMA, devoted primarily to the observation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays from space. Mini-EUSO is capable of observing Extensive Air Showers generated by Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays with an energy above 10^21 eV and detect artificial showers generated with lasers from the ground. Other main scientific objectives of the mission are the search for nuclearites and Strange Quark Matter, the study of atmospheric phenomena such as Transient Luminous Events, meteors and meteoroids, the observation of sea bioluminescence and of artificial satellites and man-made space debris. Mini-EUSO will map the night-time Earth in the UV range (290 - 430 nm), with a spatial resolution of about 6.3 km and a temporal resolution of 2.5 microseconds, through a nadir-facing UV-transparent window in the Russian Zvezda module. The instrument, launched on August 22, 2019 from the Baikonur cosmodrome, is based on an optical system employing two Fresnel lenses and a focal surface composed of 36 Multi-Anode Photomultiplier tubes, 64 channels each, for a total of 2304 channels with single photon counting sensitivity and an overall field of view of 44 degrees. Mini-EUSO also contains two ancillary cameras to complement measurements in the near infrared and visible ranges. In this paper we describe the detector and present the various phenomena observed in the first months of operations.

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