论文标题
LIPO-LCD:结合线和基于外观的循环闭合检测点
LiPo-LCD: Combining Lines and Points for Appearance-based Loop Closure Detection
论文作者
论文摘要
Visual SLAM方法通常取决于循环闭合检测,以纠正在地图和摄像机轨迹计算过程中可能出现的不一致之处,通常利用用于检测和关闭现有循环的点功能。但是,在低纹理的场景中,很难找到足够的点特征,因此,这些解决方案的性能会大大降低。由于其结构性的规律性,用于人造场景的一种替代方法是使用几何线索,例如直段,通常存在于这些环境中。在这种情况下,在本文中,我们引入了Lipo-LCD,这是一种基于外观的环路闭合检测方法,该方法集成了线和点。我们采用了增量二进制字袋方案的想法,为每个功能建立了单独的弓模型,并使用它们使用后期的融合策略来检索先前看到的图像。此外,基于岛屿的概念,一种简单但有效的机制将相似的图像分组,以减少图像候选搜索工作。最后一步通过通过包含线路匹配阶段的过程并结合了强大的空间验证阶段,现在结合了两条线和点,从而通过几何验证了循环候选。正如本文中报道的那样,Lipo-LCD与多种涉及不同环境条件的数据集进行了很好的比较。
Visual SLAM approaches typically depend on loop closure detection to correct the inconsistencies that may arise during the map and camera trajectory calculations, typically making use of point features for detecting and closing the existing loops. In low-textured scenarios, however, it is difficult to find enough point features and, hence, the performance of these solutions drops drastically. An alternative for human-made scenarios, due to their structural regularity, is the use of geometrical cues such as straight segments, frequently present within these environments. Under this context, in this paper we introduce LiPo-LCD, a novel appearance-based loop closure detection method that integrates lines and points. Adopting the idea of incremental Bag-of-Binary-Words schemes, we build separate BoW models for each feature, and use them to retrieve previously seen images using a late fusion strategy. Additionally, a simple but effective mechanism, based on the concept of island, groups similar images close in time to reduce the image candidate search effort. A final step validates geometrically the loop candidates by incorporating the detected lines by means of a process comprising a line feature matching stage, followed by a robust spatial verification stage, now combining both lines and points. As it is reported in the paper, LiPo-LCD compares well with several state-of-the-art solutions for a number of datasets involving different environmental conditions.