论文标题
潮起流方案：可用性 - 限制难题的解决方案
Ebb-and-Flow Protocols: A Resolution of the Availability-Finality Dilemma
论文作者
论文摘要
CAP定理说，在动态的参与和临时网络分区下，没有任何区块链可以居住。为了解决这种可用性 - 艰难的难题，我们制定了一类新的灵活共识协议，自动和流程协议，该协议支持完整的动态可用分类帐，并结合完成的前缀Ledger。当网络分区时，最终确定的分类帐落在了完整的分类帐之后，但是当网络愈合时赶上。 Gasper是Ethereum 2.0的标准链的当前候选协议，将最终的小工具Casper FFG与LMD Ghost Fork选择规则结合在一起，并旨在实现这一属性。但是，我们在标准同步网络模型中发现了攻击，突出了现有基于终端的设计的一般困难。我们提出了具有最佳弹性的可证明安全的潮起流协议的结构。节点运行一个动态可用的协议，对可用的分类帐的快照进行快照，然后将其输入单独的现成的BFT协议中以最终确定前缀。我们探索了灵活的BFT的联系，并改善了该问题的最新技术。
The CAP theorem says that no blockchain can be live under dynamic participation and safe under temporary network partitions. To resolve this availability-finality dilemma, we formulate a new class of flexible consensus protocols, ebb-and-flow protocols, which support a full dynamically available ledger in conjunction with a finalized prefix ledger. The finalized ledger falls behind the full ledger when the network partitions but catches up when the network heals. Gasper, the current candidate protocol for Ethereum 2.0's beacon chain, combines the finality gadget Casper FFG with the LMD GHOST fork choice rule and aims to achieve this property. However, we discovered an attack in the standard synchronous network model, highlighting a general difficulty with existing finality-gadget-based designs. We present a construction of provably secure ebb-and-flow protocols with optimal resilience. Nodes run an off-the-shelf dynamically available protocol, take snapshots of the growing available ledger, and input them into a separate off-the-shelf BFT protocol to finalize a prefix. We explore connections with flexible BFT and improve upon the state-of-the-art for that problem.
