论文标题
S62和S4711：S2轨道内部微弱的快速恒星的指示-S4711在SGR〜A围绕7.6年的轨道上*
S62 and S4711: Indications of a population of faint fast moving stars inside the S2 orbit -- S4711 on a 7.6 year orbit around Sgr~A*
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍了新发现的恒星S4711-S4715的高通滤NaCo和Sinfoni图像。我们的深H+k频段（Sinfoni）和K频段（NACO）数据显示，S-Cluster STAR S4711在围绕Sgr 〜a*的高度偏心轨迹上的S-cluster s4711 a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a a* a* a perthair a* pers a* per的距离高度高。 （SMBH）。 S4711特此是轨道周期最短的恒星，迄今为止其轨道的平均距离最小。使用的高通滤波图像基于共同添加的数据集，以改善噪声的信号。光谱SINFONI数据让我们确定S4711的详细恒星特性，例如质量和旋转速度。可以在预计的距离至少暂时$ \ leq $ 120 mas的距离内观察到微弱的S-Cluster恒星候选者S4712-S4715。从这些恒星中，S4714是最突出的恒星，轨道周期为12年，偏心率为0.985。恒星S4712-S4715显示出相似的特性，其大小与S4711相当。 MCMC模拟确定了S62和S4711-S4715轨道元素的确切确切不确定性。 S4711除S55，S62和新发现的STAR S4714外，还存在S4714，这意味着可以在距离Sgr〜A*距离的较弱的恒星中，与我们的太阳系大小相当。这些短的轨道时间段恒星在我们银河系中心的SMBH周围的密集簇中，是观察引力效应（例如Periapse Shings）的理想候选者。
We present high-pass filtered NACO and SINFONI images of the newly discovered stars S4711-S4715 between 2004 and 2016. Our deep H+K-band (SINFONI) and K-band (NACO) data show the S-cluster star S4711 on a highly eccentric trajectory around Sgr~A* with an orbital period of 7.6 years and a periapse distance of 144 AU to the super massive black hole (SMBH). S4711 is hereby the star with the shortest orbital period and the smallest mean distance to the SMBH during its orbit to date. The used high-pass filtered images are based on co-added data sets to improve the signal to noise. The spectroscopic SINFONI data let us determine detailed stellar properties of S4711 like the mass and the rotational velocity. The faint S-cluster star candidates, S4712-S4715, can be observed in a projected distance to Sgr~A* of at least temporarily $\leq$ 120 mas. From these stars, S4714 is the most prominent one with an orbital period of 12 years and an eccentricity of 0.985. The stars S4712-S4715 show similar properties with comparable magnitudes and stellar masses to S4711. The MCMC simulations determine confidently precise uncertainties for the orbital elements of S62 and S4711-S4715. The presence of S4711 in addition to S55, S62, and the also newly found star S4714 implies a population of faint stars that can be found at distances to Sgr~A* that are comparable to the size of our solar system. These short orbital time period stars in the dense cluster around the SMBH in the center of our Galaxy are perfect candidates to observe gravitational effects such as the periapse shift.
