论文标题
纳什的社会福利在自私和在线负载平衡
Nash Social Welfare in Selfish and Online Load Balancing
论文作者
论文摘要
在负载平衡问题时,有一组客户端,每个客户都希望从一组允许的客户中选择一个资源,以执行某个任务。每个资源都有一个延迟函数,取决于其工作量,客户的成本是她选择的资源的完成时间。负载平衡问题的两个基本变体是{\ em自私的负载平衡}(aka。{\ em负载平衡游戏}),其中客户是非合作性的自私玩家,旨在将自己的成本完全降至最低,并且{\ em在线负载平衡},在网上出现并不得不在网上出现并不得不为未来的请求提供任何知识。我们在最小化{\ em nash社会福利}的目的(即客户费用的几何平均值)的目标中重新审视了自私和在线负载平衡。据我们所知,尽管在许多社会背景下都是著名的福利估计师,但就负载平衡问题而言,纳什社会福利尚未被视为一种基准测试质量衡量标准。我们在非常通用的延迟函数(包括多项式的延迟函数下,纯粹的nash平衡无政府状态的价格)以及贪婪算法的竞争比率都很紧密。对于这个特定的类,我们还证明了贪婪策略是最佳的,因为它与任何可能的在线算法的性能相匹配。
In load balancing problems there is a set of clients, each wishing to select a resource from a set of permissible ones, in order to execute a certain task. Each resource has a latency function, which depends on its workload, and a client's cost is the completion time of her chosen resource. Two fundamental variants of load balancing problems are {\em selfish load balancing} (aka. {\em load balancing games}), where clients are non-cooperative selfish players aimed at minimizing their own cost solely, and {\em online load balancing}, where clients appear online and have to be irrevocably assigned to a resource without any knowledge about future requests. We revisit both selfish and online load balancing under the objective of minimizing the {\em Nash Social Welfare}, i.e., the geometric mean of the clients' costs. To the best of our knowledge, despite being a celebrated welfare estimator in many social contexts, the Nash Social Welfare has not been considered so far as a benchmarking quality measure in load balancing problems. We provide tight bounds on the price of anarchy of pure Nash equilibria and on the competitive ratio of the greedy algorithm under very general latency functions, including polynomial ones. For this particular class, we also prove that the greedy strategy is optimal as it matches the performance of any possible online algorithm.