论文标题

支持集体推理的模型:形式化,分析和计算评估

A model to support collective reasoning: Formalization, analysis and computational assessment

论文作者

Ganzer, Jordi, Criado, Natalia, Lopez-Sanchez, Maite, Parsons, Simon, Rodriguez-Aguilar, Juan A.

论文摘要

受电子参与系统的启发,在本文中,我们提出了一个新模型,以代表人类的辩论和方法,以从中获得集体结论。该模型通过允许用户将新信息引入讨论,将它们与现有部分联系起来,并对其他用户提出的作品表达意见,从而克服了现有方法的缺点。此外,我们的模型并不认为用户的意见是合理的,以便从中提取信息,这是显着限制当前方法的假设。取而代之的是,我们定义了一个较弱的理性概念,该概念是特征着一致观点的,并且我们根据个人意见的连贯性以及用户对辩论结构的共识水平进行了不同的情况。考虑到这两个因素,我们分析了根据个人意见和辩论结构计算集体决策的不同意见聚合函数的结果。特别是,我们证明,即使缺乏共识和个人意见并不连贯,汇总的意见也是一致的。我们通过计算评估结束了分析,表明可以有效地计算集体意见,以实现实数辩论。

Inspired by e-participation systems, in this paper we propose a new model to represent human debates and methods to obtain collective conclusions from them. This model overcomes drawbacks of existing approaches by allowing users to introduce new pieces of information into the discussion, to relate them to existing pieces, and also to express their opinion on the pieces proposed by other users. In addition, our model does not assume that users' opinions are rational in order to extract information from it, an assumption that significantly limits current approaches. Instead, we define a weaker notion of rationality that characterises coherent opinions, and we consider different scenarios based on the coherence of individual opinions and the level of consensus that users have on the debate structure. Considering these two factors, we analyse the outcomes of different opinion aggregation functions that compute a collective decision based on the individual opinions and the debate structure. In particular, we demonstrate that aggregated opinions can be coherent even if there is a lack of consensus and individual opinions are not coherent. We conclude our analysis with a computational evaluation demonstrating that collective opinions can be computed efficiently for real-sized debates.

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