论文标题
双胞胎研究中的因果影响：干扰的作用
Causal Effects in Twin Studies: the Role of Interference
论文作者
论文摘要
使用双胞胎设计来解决因果问题，越来越流行。一个标准的假设是双胞胎之间没有干扰 - 也就是说，双胞胎的暴露对他们的二线结果有因果影响。但是，在某些设置中，此假设将无法成立，这将（1）影响通过常用现有方法获得的参数的因果解释； （2）改变哪些影响最大的兴趣； （3）影响我们估计这些影响的条件。我们探讨了这些问题，并在双胞胎之间存在干扰的情况下得出了因果影响的半参数有效估计器。使用明尼苏达州双胞胎家庭研究的数据，我们应用估计量来评估双胞胎在青春期早期对酒精的消费是否可能会对他们的二线二氧化碳用品在以后的生活中产生因果影响。
The use of twins designs to address causal questions is becoming increasingly popular. A standard assumption is that there is no interference between twins---that is, no twin's exposure has a causal impact on their co-twin's outcome. However, there may be settings in which this assumption would not hold, and this would (1) impact the causal interpretation of parameters obtained by commonly used existing methods; (2) change which effects are of greatest interest; and (3) impact the conditions under which we may estimate these effects. We explore these issues, and we derive semi-parametric efficient estimators for causal effects in the presence of interference between twins. Using data from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, we apply our estimators to assess whether twins' consumption of alcohol in early adolescence may have a causal impact on their co-twins' substance use later in life.
