论文标题
将移动孔耦合到抗磁磁性自旋背景：磁性北极子的瞬态动力学
Coupling a mobile hole to an antiferromagnetic spin background: Transient dynamics of a magnetic polaron
论文作者
论文摘要
了解电荷与自旋之间的相互作用及其对运输的影响是量子多体系统的无处不在的挑战。在费米 - 哈伯德模型中，这种相互作用被认为会产生磁极，其动力学可能解释了量子材料（例如高温超导性）的新兴特性。在这项工作中，我们使用冷原子量子模拟器直接观察单个磁性极性子的形成动力学和随后的扩散。测量具有短距离抗铁磁相关的2D哈伯德绝缘子中单个孔的密度和自旋分辨的演变，显示出快速的初始离域和旋转背景的敷料，表明北极子形成。长期以来，我们发现动力学因自旋交换时间而减慢，并且它们与具有强密度和自旋耦合的二极化模型兼容。我们的工作使得在费米 - 哈伯德模型中对不平衡的新兴现象进行了研究，一次是一个掺杂剂。
Understanding the interplay between charge and spin and its effects on transport is a ubiquitous challenge in quantum many-body systems. In the Fermi-Hubbard model, this interplay is thought to give rise to magnetic polarons, whose dynamics may explain emergent properties of quantum materials such as high-temperature superconductivity. In this work, we use a cold-atom quantum simulator to directly observe the formation dynamics and subsequent spreading of individual magnetic polarons. Measuring the density- and spin-resolved evolution of a single hole in a 2D Hubbard insulator with short-range antiferromagnetic correlations reveals fast initial delocalization and a dressing of the spin background, indicating polaron formation. At long times, we find that dynamics are slowed down by the spin exchange time, and they are compatible with a polaronic model with strong density and spin coupling. Our work enables the study of out-of-equilibrium emergent phenomena in the Fermi-Hubbard model, one dopant at a time.
