论文标题
弦理论中的暗能量
Dark Energy in String Theory
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑了由弦理论激励的各种黑暗能源候选人。几个无需定理的定理将$ W = -1 $的Sitter String Vacua推向理论控制的限制，所有已知的示例都取决于不同弦乐理论成分之间的微妙相互作用。另一方面，失控的模量方向在字符串理论中无处不在，并且可以合理地源慢毛。我们考虑了各种候选超级强度潜力，这是由弦理论激励的，包括散装和本地模量的单场Kähler潜力，以及表格$ W = W_0 + A E^{ - aφ} $或$ W = W_0 +aφ^p $的领先超电势。超级实力施加的标量潜力的条件非常限制，例如$ k = -n \ ln（φ+\barφ）$和$ w = w_0+aφ^p $的精髓。在考虑的示例中，一个人可以同时满足$ v> 0 $和$ε_v<1 $仅适用于变形的模量，$ k = k_0 + \ frac {|φ|φ|^{2n}}} {k1} {k1} { +\ frac {（φ +\barφ）^{2n}} {k_1} $当扰动超电势（$ p $）等于$ n $时。我们还回顾了热暗能量的方案，其中光隐藏扇区中的热效应将标量场远离其零温电位的最小值。这提供了一个可行的黑暗能量模型，具有$ W = -1 $，与已知的Swampland猜想一致，并激励进一步的早期热暗能量时期，并具有可能可观察到的后果。
We consider various candidates for Dark Energy, motivated by string theory. Several no-go theorems push de Sitter string vacua, with $w=-1$, to the limits of theoretical control, and all known examples depend on a delicate interplay between different string theoretic ingredients. On the other hand, runaway moduli directions are ubiquitous in string theory, and could plausibly source slow-roll quintessence. We consider various candidate supergravity potentials, motivated by string theory, including single-field Kähler potentials for bulk and local moduli, and leading superpotentials of the form $W = W_0 + A e^{-a Φ}$ or $W = W_0 + A Φ^p$. Conditions on the scalar potential imposed by supergravity are very restrictive, ruling out e.g. quintessence with $K=-n\ln(Φ+\barΦ)$ and $W = W_0+A Φ^p$. Out of the examples considered, one can simultaneously satisfy $V>0$ and $ε_V<1$ only for a deformation-like modulus with $K = k_0 + \frac{|Φ|^{2n}}{k1}$ and a blow-up like modulus with $K=k_0 +\frac{(Φ+\barΦ)^{2n}}{k_1}$ when the leading order in the perturbative superpotential, $p$, is equal to $n$. We also review the scenario of Thermal Dark Energy, where thermal effects in a light hidden sector hold a scalar field up away from the minimum of its zero-temperature potential. This provides a viable model of Dark Energy with $w=-1$, consistent with known swampland conjectures, and motivates further early Thermal Dark Energy epochs with potentially observable consequences.
