论文标题

交换Schelling游戏中的拓扑影响和本地性

Topological Influence and Locality in Swap Schelling Games

论文作者

Bilò, Davide, Bilò, Vittorio, Lenzner, Pascal, Molitor, Louise

论文摘要

住宅隔离是一种广泛的现象,几乎可以在每个主要城市观察到。在这些城市地区,具有不同种族或社会经济背景的居民倾向于形成同质群集。 Schelling著名的基于代理的住宅隔离模型解释了即使所有特工都宽容,即使他们同意生活在混合的社区中,也可以如何形成。为了进行隔离,它所需要的只是对偏爱相似邻居的代理人有轻微的偏见。最近,从游戏理论的角度研究了Schelling的模型,其自私者可以从战略上选择其住宅位置。在这些游戏中,代理商可以通过与愿意交换的另一个代理商进行位置交换来改善其当前位置。我们通过研究建模居民区对均衡存在,无政府状态的价格以及对所得战略多代理系统的动态特性的基础拓扑的影响来大大加深这些研究。此外,作为一种新的概念贡献,我们还考虑了当地的影响,即,如果位置掉期仅限于邻近代理的掉期。我们对任意基础图的无政府状态价格的几乎紧密界限进行了改善,并为常规图,路径和周期提供(几乎)紧密的界限。此外,我们几乎为网格提供了紧密的界限,这是经验研究中通常使用的。对于网格,我们还表明,区域对游戏动态有严重影响。

Residential segregation is a wide-spread phenomenon that can be observed in almost every major city. In these urban areas residents with different racial or socioeconomic background tend to form homogeneous clusters. Schelling's famous agent-based model for residential segregation explains how such clusters can form even if all agents are tolerant, i.e., if they agree to live in mixed neighborhoods. For segregation to occur, all it needs is a slight bias towards agents preferring similar neighbors. Very recently, Schelling's model has been investigated from a game-theoretic point of view with selfish agents that strategically select their residential location. In these games, agents can improve on their current location by performing a location swap with another agent who is willing to swap. We significantly deepen these investigations by studying the influence of the underlying topology modeling the residential area on the existence of equilibria, the Price of Anarchy and on the dynamic properties of the resulting strategic multi-agent system. Moreover, as a new conceptual contribution, we also consider the influence of locality, i.e., if the location swaps are restricted to swaps of neighboring agents. We give improved almost tight bounds on the Price of Anarchy for arbitrary underlying graphs and we present (almost) tight bounds for regular graphs, paths and cycles. Moreover, we give almost tight bounds for grids, which are commonly used in empirical studies. For grids we also show that locality has a severe impact on the game dynamics.

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