论文标题
约翰·库奇·亚当斯(John Couch Adams):数学天文学家,乔治·加布里埃尔·斯托克斯(George Gabriel Stokes)的大学朋友和天文学女性的推动者
John Couch Adams: mathematical astronomer, college friend of George Gabriel Stokes and promotor of women in astronomy
论文作者
论文摘要
约翰·库奇·亚当斯(John Couch Adams)预测了海王星在天空中的位置,计算了由于地球的拉力而导致月球平均运动变化的期望,并确定了莱昂尼德流星淋浴的起源和轨道,使天文学家困惑了将近一千年。有了他的成就,亚当斯可以与他的好朋友乔治·斯托克斯(George Stokes)进行比较。他们不仅出生于同年,而且都是高级牧羊人,获得了史密斯的奖品和科普利奖牌,在彭布罗克学院(Pembroke College)生活,思考和研究,并对牛顿表示赞赏。另一方面,亚当斯对海王星的位置的预测绝对不会影响其在柏林的发现。他的月球理论没有为月球运动提供物理解释。在他之前的其他人解释了列昂尼德的起源。亚当斯拒绝了骑士,并被任命为天文学家皇家。他不愿出版,但喜欢将对数的价值推向263个小数点。他如此出色的数学和计算是天体力学的高点之一,但如今很少在本科课程中教授。亚当和斯托克斯之间的差异和相似之处再也没有惊人的了。该卷证明了斯托克斯科学工作的持久遗产。那么亚当斯的遗产是什么?在这项贡献中,我将概述亚当斯的生活,斯托克斯和亚当斯的生活的实例最感动,他的科学成就以及通常被忽视的遗产:女性高等教育和女性天文学家的支持。
John Couch Adams predicted the location of Neptune in the sky, calculated the expectation of the change in the mean motion of the Moon due to the Earth's pull, and determined the origin and the orbit of the Leonids meteor shower which had puzzled astronomers for almost a thousand years. With his achievements Adams can be compared with his good friend George Stokes. Not only were they born in the same year, but were also both senior wranglers, received the Smith's Prizes and Copley medals, lived, thought and researched at Pembroke College, and shared an appreciation of Newton. On the other hand, Adams' prediction of Neptune's location had absolutely no influence on its discovery in Berlin. His lunar theory did not offer a physical explanation for the Moon's motion. The origin of the Leonids was explained by others before him. Adams refused a knighthood and an appointment as Astronomer Royal. He was reluctant and slow to publish, but loved to derive the values of logarithms to 263 decimal places. The maths and calculations at which he so excelled mark one of the high points of celestial mechanics, but are rarely taught nowadays in undergraduate courses. The differences and similarities between Adams and Stokes could not be more striking. This volume attests to the lasting legacy of Stokes' scientific work. What is then Adams' legacy? In this contribution I will outline Adams' life, instances when Stokes' and Adams' lives touched the most, his scientific achievements and a usually overlooked legacy: female higher education and support of a woman astronomer.