论文标题
来自扩散和可逆的相空间重排的可用能量
Available Energy from Diffusive and Reversible Phase Space Rearrangements
论文作者
论文摘要
重新排列血浆中颗粒的六维相空间可以释放能量。重新安排可能通过受到各种限制的应用和磁场的应用而发生。可以通过重新排列粒子分布释放的最大能量可以称为其可用能量或自由能。重排受相位空间量保护的约束会导致经典的加德纳自由能。当应用约束时，例如尊重保守数量时，自由能较少。同样，如果只能从高相空间密度到较低相位密度区域的区域中扩散粒子，则可以更少的能量。如果粒子只能在相空间中扩散，而保守量仍然需要尊重，则可以使用最少的自由能。
Rearranging the six-dimensional phase space of particles in plasma can release energy. The rearrangement may happen through the application of electric and magnetic fields, subject to various constraints. The maximum energy that can be released through a rearrangement of a distribution of particles can be called its available or free energy. Rearrangement subject to phase space volume conservation leads to the classic Gardner free energy. Less free energy is available when constraints are applied, such as respecting conserved quantities. Also, less energy is available if particles can only be diffused in phase-space from regions of high phase-space density to regions of lower phase-space density. The least amount of free energy is available if particles can only be diffused in phase space, while conserved quantities still need to be respected.
