论文标题
热力学成本，速度，波动和降低生物拷贝机的错误
Thermodynamic cost, speed, fluctuations, and error reduction of biological copy machines
论文作者
论文摘要
由于细胞环境中的波动较大，因此在没有调节的生物学过程中信息传递本质上是错误的。生物复制过程中减少错误机制的机理细节已成为积极研究的主题。但是，流程的误差如何与其热力学成本平衡和动力学特性平衡。在这里，我们根据最近发现的热力学不确定性关系（TUR）研究了误差减少策略，该关系与一般耗散过程中相关的成本精致折衷设定了物理界限。我们发现，两个代表性复制过程，外核酸酶缺陷型T7 DNA聚合酶的DNA复制和\ textit {e的mRNA翻译。大肠杆菌}核糖体，将错误率降低到生物学上可接受的水平，同时还优化了接近TUR决定的物理极限的过程。
Due to large fluctuations in cellular environments, transfer of information in biological processes without regulation is inherently error-prone. The mechanistic details of error-reducing mechanisms in biological copying processes have been a subject of active research; however, how error reduction of a process is balanced with its thermodynamic cost and dynamical properties remain largely unexplored. Here, we study the error reducing strategies in light of the recently discovered thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) that sets a physical bound to the cost-precision trade-off relevant in general dissipative processes. We found that the two representative copying processes, DNA replication by the exonuclease-deficient T7 DNA polymerase and mRNA translation by the \textit{E. coli} ribosome, reduce the error rates to biologically acceptable levels while also optimizing the processes close to the physical limit dictated by TUR.
