论文标题
超快速淬火中的涡流形成拓扑热化
Topological thermalization via vortex formation in ultra-fast quenches
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了在极快的淬火下跨二阶相变的两个组分标量场的热化。我们发现涡旋开始在淬火的最终温度（即关键点以下）开始发展。具体而言，我们发现一旦波动的场偏离了其对称状态，就会出现涡流，并朝着亚稳态和不稳定的构型发展。放松时间原始涡旋的密度是淬灭最终温度的降低功能。随后，涡流和抗杀菌剂以最终决定总热量时间的速率消灭。如果该理论包含一个离散的各向异性，则该速率会降低，否则它会使原始涡流密度不受影响。因此，我们的结果建立了涡流动力学涉及的拓扑过程与系统热化的延迟之间的联系。
We investigate the thermalization of a two-component scalar field across a second-order phase transition under extremely fast quenches. We find that vortices start developing at the final temperature of the quench, i.e., below the critical point. Specifically, we find that vortices emerge once the fluctuating field departures from its symmetric state and evolves towards a metastable and inhomogenous configuration. The density of primordial vortices at the relaxation time is a decreasing function of the final temperature of the quench. Subsequently, vortices and antivortices annihilate at a rate that eventually determines the total thermalization time. This rate decreases if the theory contains a discrete anisotropy, which otherwise leaves the primordial vortex density unaffected. Our results thus establish a link between the topological processes involved in the vortex dynamics and the delay in the thermalization of the system.
