论文标题

磁性梯度:太阳喷发的天然驱动器

Magnetic Gradient: A Natural Driver of Solar Eruptions

论文作者

Tan, Baolin, Yan, Yan, Li, Ting, Zhang, Yin, Chen, Xingyao

论文摘要

众所周知,存在梯度,不可避免地会驱动流动。例如,密度梯度可能会驱动扩散流,电势梯度可能会在等离子体中驱动电流等。那么,当磁性梯度发生在太阳大气等离子体中时会驱动什么?考虑到太阳等离子体回路中磁性梯度的普遍分布,这项工作表明,即使在部分电离的太阳能光球,色球层以及电晕中,磁性梯度泵送(MGP)机制也是有效的。它可以驱动能量粒子流,这些粒子流从潜在的大气中携带和传达动能,以向上移动,在循环台面周围积聚并增加了温度和压力,并最终通过触发气球不稳定性而在循环台上爆发。这种机制可以解释在大多数前弹性阶段,在耀斑上方的观测热尖端结构的形成,因此,磁性梯度应该是太阳喷发的天然驱动力。此外,我们还可以应用于了解许多其他天体物理现象,例如日光浴的温度分布,太阳等离子体喷气机的形成,II型Spicule和冠状孔上方的快速太阳风,以及与白色矮人,中子星和黑色霍尔相关的快速等离子喷头。

It is well-known that there is a gradient, there will drive a flow inevitably. For example, a density-gradient may drive a diffusion flow, an electrical potential-gradient may drive an electric current in plasmas, etc. Then, what will be driven when a magnetic-gradient occurs in solar atmospheric plasmas? Considering the ubiquitous distribution of magnetic-gradient in solar plasma loops, this work demonstrates that magnetic-gradient pumping (MGP) mechanism is valid even in the partial ionized solar photosphere, chromosphere as well as in the corona. It drives energetic particle flows which carry and convey kinetic energy from the underlying atmosphere to move upwards, accumulate around the looptop and increase there temperature and pressure, and finally lead to eruptions around the looptop by triggering ballooning instabilities. This mechanism may explain the formation of the observing hot cusp-structures above flaring loops in most preflare phases, therefore, the magnetic-gradient should be a natural driver of solar eruptions. Furthermore, we may also apply to understand many other astrophysical phenomena, such as the temperature distribution above sunspots, the formation of solar plasma jets, type-II spicule, and fast solar wind above coronal holes, as well as the fast plasma jets related to white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes.

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